FORMATION OF SOCIAL CONFLICTS IN HUMAN RELATIONS: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTION STRATEGIES

As society develops, various types of events and processes continuously occur here. Among these processes, social conflicts stand out with their special weight. The article is devoted to the study of the specific features of social conflicts, which are distinguished by their harmful impact on the formation of human relations in society. The authors touched on issues related to the causes, sources, and typology of social conflicts in the article and clarified the mechanisms, methods, and tools aimed at improving their management in current practice. The article also examines classical and modern theories of social conflict in a comparative manner. Unlike similar studies, the article touches on scientific research conducted in Azerbaijan in the field of social conflicts at present, determines the causes of social conflicts in modern Azerbaijani society, classification the criteria, and gives an interpretation of the main types of conflicts that manifest themselves more prominently at the macro and micro levels. At the end of the article, the authors reflect on the rationalization proposals for the settlement of social conflicts. The purpose of the study is to study the essence, causes of occurrence, specific features of social conflicts, which are distinguished by their harmful impact on the formation of human relations in society, and to analyze the approaches aimed at their solution on a scientific basis. During the study, a complex methodological approach consisting of a historical-methodological approach, sociological analysis, comparative analysis, systematic approach, content analysis, theoretical generalization, analytical analysis, and general logical methods was used to investigate the problem of social conflict. In most cases, social conflicts, which differ in their impact on various areas of social life, are of particular relevance, since they lead to more despair, pessimism, self-absorption and, ultimately, moral degradation in people's mood and emotional lives, and slow down the process of their socialization, and in some cases even hinder it altogether. Although the first comprehensive concepts of conflict arose at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the emergence of the first ideas in this field dates back to the 1st millennium BC. The active scientific research process of conflicts took place within the framework of classical sociology, and the role of the "pioneers" of this field was played mainly by brilliant thinkers - O. Comte, K. Marx, and G. Simmel. The main source of social conflict is the stratification of society - its division into various groups, strata, and classes. Revealing the causes of conflicts is very important when identifying the problem, preventing it, and constructively solving it. The emergence and development of conflicts is associated with the influence of several factors. These include: objective, organizational management, and socio-psychological factors. There is the following classification of social conflicts: interpersonal conflicts; conflicts between individuals and groups; intra-group conflicts; intra-personal conflicts; conflicts between small and large social associations; ethnic-national conflicts; organizational conflicts; corporate conflicts. The mechanism of conflict regulation includes a complex of measures aimed at minimizing their destructive effects and constructively resolving them. Social conflict management methods include strategies aimed at preventing conflicts (provenance), reducing escalation, reintegration, and ensuring sustainable peace. In modern Azerbaijan, research on the problem of social conflict is conducted by universities, independent research centers, and international organizations, and the causes, effects, and methods of resolving social, political, and ethnic conflicts occupy a large place in the research. Local scientists A. Valiyev, H. Alizadeh, A. Gadirov, E. Ahmadov, etc. have played a major role in the development of social conflict theories in our country. Social conflicts in Azerbaijan are largely conditioned by historical and political claims from the former USSR, as well as ethnic diversity and gender problems. At the microsocial level, family conflicts and divorces are of particular interest among social conflicts in Azerbaijan. The consequences of divorces in themselves have a direct negative impact on social stability in society, the psychological state of children, and the future development of family relations. At the macrosocial level, the Karabakh conflict stands out among social conflicts in Azerbaijan. The Karabakh conflict has had a very serious impact on the political, economic, social, and cultural development of the Republic of Azerbaijan since the end of the 20th century and has become a long-term source of tension in the security system of the region. If social conflicts are managed correctly, their total consequences can be avoided. In order to prevent and manage social conflicts, a complex approach covering legal, social, cultural, and economic aspects, implemented with the active participation of both state and civil society institutions, is required.