Удосконалена методика оцінювання ефективності захисту військ від хімічних, біологічних, радіаційних та ядерних загроз

Formulation of the problem in general. Given the dynamic changes like modern chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear threats, the effectiveness of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection measures for troops is of key importance. Today, existing methods for assessing the efficacy of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection demonstrate limitations in considering the full range of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection tasks and indicators of their effectiveness, which reduces their practical usefulness and requires improvement. The purpose of the article is to present the methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the protection of troops from chemical, biological, radiation, and nuclear threats. Research methods. The work uses taxonomy elements, mathematical linear programming and expert assessment methods. This methodological approach made it possible to take a comprehensive approach to assessing the effectiveness of protecting troops from chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear threats. The taxonomy method made it possible to systematise the diverse characteristics of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection measures according to their degree of importance, interconnection and impact on the ability to perform tasks. The expert assessment method, in turn, was used to determine the weighting coefficients of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection measures. Using the integer mathematical linear programming method made it possible to solve the optimisation problem of selecting a rational composition of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection measures at minimum cost, allowing the required volume of tasks to be performed. The integration of these methods provided the basis for developing an improved methodology that assesses the effectiveness of performing a set of chemicals, biological, radiation and nuclear protection tasks. Literature review. The review shows that most scientific works focus on evaluating the effectiveness of individual tasks or the functioning of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection subsystems. Insufficient attention is paid to the integral indicators of the efficacy of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection measures, which consider the effectiveness of performing various tasks of chemical, biological and radiation reconnaissance, aerosol camouflage, and fire damage to the enemy during combat operations. Research results. It has been found that most of the existing methods assess effectiveness in a limited way from the influence of enemy actions and do not cover all chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection tasks. Improvements to existing approaches are proposed through integrating elements of taxonomy, multi-criteria assessments using expert methods, and mathematical linear programming methods. Research novelty. For the first time, an approach has been proposed for assessing the effectiveness of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection tasks using the tactical and technical characteristics of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection equipment, as well as determining their weight coefficients. A method for determining the integral indicator of the effectiveness of performing tasks with these means, considering weight coefficients, is presented. Theoretical and practical significance. The results of the study can be used to improve the methodological support of the processes of assessment, planning and execution of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection tasks, and to increase the effectiveness of management decision-making in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Conclusion and future work. Existing methodologies have a limited ability to assess the effectiveness of diverse chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear protection tasks. To ensure its full functioning, it is necessary to introduce new approaches that consider the diversity of threats and their multifactorial impact. The next step should be to develop a universal mathematical model that will allow all factors of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear threats to be taken into account in real time and create software for practical application in military management.