Ангели розуміють, а люди – ні: Проблема харизматичної мови в пам’ятках ранньохристиянської писемності

The article explores the phenomenon of glossolalia in early Christian tradition and its significance in the context of prayer andworship. The author examines how charismatic prayer speech, known as «speaking in tongues,» was perceived in various early Christian texts, «speaking in tongues,» was perceived in various early Christian texts, including the Epistles of the Apostle Paul, the Book of Acts, and the Didache. The primary focus is on the communicative aspect of this phenomenon. Glossolalia is understood as an ecstatic outpouring of emotions directed not toward humans but toward God and angels. In early Christian communities, this phenomenon evoked both admiration and criticism due to its incomprehensibility and apparent lack of structure. Paul and other authors sought to incorporate glossolalia into communal life, emphasizing its limitations without interpretation. Special attention is given to the concept of angelic language, which was considered more effective for communication with the divine. The author also draws parallels between glossolalia and ancient magical practices (voces magicae), noting the influence of these phenomena on textual traditions, such as the use of unintelligible formulas in Christian writings. The study concludes by highlighting the complexity of glossolalia in early Christianity, which was neither fully accepted nor rejected. Instead, it became the subject of theological and practical deliberations, influencing the development of liturgical tradition.