The Impact of Sustainability Reporting Disclosure on the Information Content of Earnings: The Moderating Role of Market Competition

Objectives: This study investigates the impact of sustainability reporting disclosure on the information content of earnings, considering the moderating role of market competition. By examining this relationship, the research aims to highlight how market competition can influence and potentially enhance the effect of sustainability reporting disclosure on the informational value of earnings. Methodology/Design/Approach: The study employs a causal-correlational research design. The statistical population consists of firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, from which 146 firms were selected using the systematic elimination sampling method. The study covers the period from 2014 to 2023. The information content of earnings was measured based on stock return variations, while sustainability reporting disclosure was assessed using a disclosure checklist. The research hypotheses were tested using multiple linear regression analysis based on panel data. Findings: The results indicate a positive and significant relationship between sustainability reporting disclosure and the information content of earnings. Additionally, market competition moderates this relationship by reinforcing the positive impact of sustainability disclosure on earnings informativeness. Innovation: This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the interplay between sustainability reporting, market competition, and the information content of earnings in an emerging market context. The findings offer valuable insights for firms, investors, and policymakers seeking to enhance the transparency and informational value of financial reporting through improved sustainability disclosure and fostering healthy market competition.