Mechanistic Studies Based on Experimental Xerostomia Models and the Molecular Action of Cinnamaldehyde with Comparative Efficacy of Saliva Substitutes: A Recent Evidence-Based Review

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cinnamaldehyde and the complementary role of saliva substitutes in a muscarinic receptor antagonist–induced xerostomia model. Methods: In an animal model of xerostomia induced by 4-DAMP, cinnamaldehyde and saliva substitutes were administered individually and in combination. Results: Cinnamaldehyde improved salivary gland tissue structure and increased saliva secretion, while saliva substitutes effectively enhanced oral moisture and alleviated symptoms. Conclusion: Combined treatment showed complementary effects, enhancing overall therapeutic efficacy.