Comparative Evidence-Based Review of Dental Hygienist Systems in Korea, the United States, and Japan

Objective:This study aimed to compare dental hygienist systems in Korea, the United States, and Japan, analyze their institutional differences, and explore the development direction of Korea's dental hygienist system. Methods:Literature on dental hygienist systems in each country was reviewed, and institutional differences were analyzed comparatively. Results: Korea’s dental hygienist system, established in 1963, offers 2- and 4-year programs with qualification through a national exam, and duties are limited under dentist supervision. The U.S., established in 1913, provides 2- and 4-year programs with qualifications via the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination and state licensure exams; some states allow independent practice under the ADHP system. Japan, established in 1948, offers 2- and 4-year programs with national exam qualification, but duties are restricted under dentist supervision. Conclusion: Dental hygienist systems differ according to cultural and institutional contexts. Korea needs to expand the scope of practice and enable independent clinical duties.