Latest Interventions and Clinical Evidence for the Prevention of Salivary Gland Hypofunction (2023–2025): A Comprehensive Review of Photobiomodulation, Electrostimulation, and Cellular/Genetic/Conservative Strategies

This review synthesizes evidence from literature published between 2023 and 2025 regarding interventions to prevent salivary gland hypofunction. Photobiomodulation (PBM) and electrostimulation consistently demonstrated the capacity to reduce salivary gland dysfunction induced by radiation or chemotherapy, improving subjective symptoms and quality of life. Pharmacologic and topical stimulation showed significant short-term secretion enhancement. Cellular and gene therapies suggest potential for fundamental recovery, though long-term safety, cost, and standardization remain challenges. Standardized protocols and large-scale longitudinal studies are warranted.