Impact of Nuclear Deformation on Structural Parameters, Energy Levels, and Quadrupole Moments of 152Sm, 238U, and 240Pu Nuclei

This study explores the structural characteristics of selected deformed nuclei using theoretical frameworks, focusing on their shapes, energy levels, and quadrupole moments. Nuclear deformation results from the complex interplay between shell effects and the strong nuclear force, causing deviations from spherical symmetry. Advanced models, including the Nilsson model, Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) theory, and collective models, are employed to examine the influence of deformation on nuclear structure. The key findings emphasize the role of deformation in shaping rotational spectra and intrinsic quadrupole moments, with significant results for nuclei such as 152Sm, 238U, and 240Pu. Calculations of quadrupole deformation parameters and energy levels show strong agreement with experimental data, validating the theoretical approaches. The study also investigates the stabilization of heavy nuclei through deformation, which redistributes charge density and mitigates Coulomb repulsion. These findings have important applications in nuclear astrophysics, particularly in the rapid neutron capture process (r-process), as well as in nuclear technology, where insights into deformed nuclei contribute to isotope development and reactor design. A deeper understanding of deformed nuclei in this research advances both fundamental nuclear physics and practical applications.