The Effects of Climate Change on Public Health

Abstract: Climate change represents a profound global challenge with serious consequences for human health. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events contribute directly to heat stress, cardiovascular complications, and injury from natural disasters. Indirect effects include expansion of vector-borne and waterborne diseases, food insecurity, and the aggravation of chronic respiratory and mental health disorders. Vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, and individuals with chronic illnesses bear a disproportionate burden. Addressing these challenges requires the integration of health considerations into climate adaptation and mitigation policies, alongside investment in resilient healthcare infrastructure, early warning systems, and public awareness programs