Saqib Challenge: Einstein and Newton

This paper introduces the Saqib Challenge, a critical rethinking of the two most established theories in physics: Einstein’s curvature model of gravity and Newton’s interpretation of friction as a fundamental force. The argument presented here demonstrates that in an ever-expanding universe, the concept of spacetime curvature cannot be sustained, and therefore gravity cannot arise solely from geometric bending. Similarly, the traditional definition of friction as an independent opposing force is challenged, showing instead that it emerges only as a manifestation of finite energy dissipation. These propositions together open the door to a fresh perspective on classical and modern physics.