Theoretical Investigation of Deformed Nuclei: Impacts on Nuclear Stability and Excitation Phenomena

Deformed nuclei, characterized by deviations from spherical symmetry, exhibit unique structural properties that are critical to understanding nuclear stability, reaction dynamics, and excitation phenomena. This theoretical study investigates the structural properties of selected deformed nuclei using advanced nuclear models and computational approaches. Employing Density Functional Theory (DFT) with Skyrme and Gogny interactions, alongside Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) calculations, the research analyses deformation effects on nuclear binding energy, charge distributions, and level densities. Transitional and neutron-rich nuclei are emphasized to explore the evolution of deformation, triaxiality, and nuclear softness. The results reveal significant impacts of deformation on nuclear moment of inertia and energy spectra, particularly in rare-earth and actinide regions. The inclusion of triaxiality further enhances the accuracy of predictions for level densities and excitation spectra. Comparisons with experimental data from gamma-ray spectroscopy and Coulomb excitation validate the robustness of the theoretical frameworks employed. This study addresses key gaps in understanding nuclear deformation, particularly for isotopic chains near the neutron drip line and transitional regions. The findings provide critical insights for refining existing nuclear models and guiding future experimental investigations. Furthermore, this research highlights the importance of incorporating pairing correlations and deformation effects to predict properties of nuclei far from stability. The study contributes to the broader understanding of nuclear structure and its applications in nuclear energy, astrophysics, and particle physics. These findings underscore the role of theoretical models in complementing experimental efforts and advancing nuclear physics research.