Assessment of nutritional status and its effect on academic performance of school children in square nine area, White Nile State, 2021-2022

Background: Proper nutrition is crucial for children's physical, cognitive, and academic development. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of primary school children in the Square Nine area of White Nile State, Sudan, and examine the relationship between their nutritional status and academic performance. Methods: The study was conducted during the 2021- 2022 academic year in the Square Nine area, Rabak district, Sudan. A cross-sectional design was used, involving 198 school children who were included in the study from November (2021-2022). Anthropometric measurements were taken to assess nutritional status. Academic performance data was collected from school records. Statistical analyses determined the association between nutritional status and academic outcomes. Results: The results showed that: X% of the children were underweight, Y% were stunted, and Z% were wasted, indicating a high prevalence of malnutrition. Children with normal nutritional status had significantly higher academic scores than malnourished children. Factors such as family income, parental education, and school environment were also found to influence the children's nutritional status and academic performance. Conclusion: The findings suggest that improving the nutritional status of primary school children in the Square Nine area could positively impact their academic achievement. The study highlights the need for targeted nutrition intervention programs and policies to address malnutrition and support the educational outcomes of vulnerable children in this region.