Promoción de Hábitos Saludables para Prevenir Sobrepeso y Obesidad en Escolares de 8-9 años

Background: Childhood overweight and obesity are growing public health concerns. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention to promote healthy habits and prevent excess weight in students. The intervention was conducted at Abel Iturralde School and included 8- and 9-year-old students, focusing on physical activity, healthy eating, and active involvement of families through recipe distribution. Key components of the intervention included recreational activities, balanced nutrition workshops, and awareness campaigns designed to promote long-term child well-being. Active participation from families and increased teacher awareness were fundamental in creating supportive environments aligned with WHO and UNICEF guidelines. Methods: A retrospective quasi-experimental study with a non-randomized control group was conducted in 2023 in El Alto, Bolivia. A total of 48 students aged 8 to 9 participated. Pretest and posttest surveys were applied, along with dynamic activities and anthropometric measurements. Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses were used. Results: A slight reduction in children’s body weight was observed, indicating improved nutritional status. Although weight loss was moderate, the intervention proved effective due to the contributions of participating students and their families. Conclusions: The educational intervention was effective in improving children's knowledge about healthy eating and increasing physical activity. A 35% to 40% reduction in overweight and obesity was achieved, along with a 50% increase in children within a healthy weight range. Active participation of families and teachers was key to these outcomes. These findings support the implementation of school-based health promotion programs as a preventive strategy against weight-related diseases.