Necesidades educativas específicas y bienestar estudiantil en la formación inicial docente: Un análisis de la población de Pedagogía de los Idiomas Nacionales y Extranjeros – Inglés, Universidad Central del Ecuador

This study's primary objective was to identify the specific educational needs (SEN), both with and without disabilities, among students enrolled in the Pedagogy of National and Foreign Languages - English (CPINE-I) program at the Central University of Ecuador. The research was conducted using a questionnaire designed to gather detailed sociodemographic information and ascertain the difficulties students encounter throughout their academic journey. The data obtained provides a comprehensive characterization of this student population, which is crucial for developing pertinent support strategies. The results revealed that the student population is predominantly female, falling within the 18 to 27 age range. A low prevalence of students with officially recognized disabilities was observed, with a limited number possessing identification cards from CONADIS and/or the Ministry of Public Health. Nevertheless, a high incidence of mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was identified among the respondents. A significant finding was that a considerable proportion of students do not access specialized medical or psychological care, nor do they utilize available university welfare services. Additionally, a pattern of frequent alcohol and tobacco consumption was evident, as was prolonged use of social media. These findings underscore the urgent need to optimize university welfare services through more effective dissemination strategies. The implementation of peer support programs and the development of awareness campaigns focused on mental health, responsible technology use, and substance abuse prevention are recommended. These interventions are fundamental to improving the academic environment and the quality of life for CPINE-I students.