Efecto del Tratamiento para el Control Glucémico de Pacientes con Diabetes Gestacional en el Hospital General de Subzona 8 en Tlaxcala

Objective: To describe the effect of treatment on glycemic control in patients with gestational diabetes treated at the General Subzone Hospital with Family Medicine No. 08 of the IMSS in Tlaxcala, Mexico, from August 2019 to August 2022. Methodology: This is an observational, descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study. A total of 52 medical records of patients with a first-time diagnosis of gestational diabetes were reviewed. Variables such as age, body mass index (BMI), number of pregnancies, type of treatment (metformin, insulin, diet and exercise), glycemic control, and neonatal outcomes were analyzed. Data were processed using SPSS v28. Results: The most common treatment was diet and exercise (73.07%), followed by metformin (25%) and insulin (1.93%). Glycemic control was achieved in 71.15% of patients, with diet and exercise being the most effective treatment. Most neonates were born healthy (87%). Only seven cases of neonatal hypoglycemia and one congenital malformation (high-arched palate) were reported. Conclusions: No statistically significant differences were found between treatment type and glycemic control. However, most patients who achieved adequate control were managed with lifestyle modifications. The low prevalence of complications suggests effective prenatal care in the studied unit.