Impact of Astigmatism Axis Orientation on Postoperative Visual Quality After Toric IOL Implantation: A Review of the Literature

This component contains the literature review entitled “Impact of Astigmatism Axis Orientation on Postoperative Visual Quality After Toric IOL Implantation: A Review of the Literature”. The aim of this review is to synthesize available evidence on how astigmatism axis orientation influences visual outcomes following toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in cataract surgery. The review will analyze clinical studies reporting the relationship between toric IOL axis alignment, corneal astigmatism orientation, and visual quality metrics (e.g., BCDVA, OSI, Strehl ratio, MTF, patient-reported outcomes).