Impacto de un programa neuropsicológico multicomponente en el desarrollo de competencias matemáticas en niños ecuatorianos de 6 a 12 años

This study evaluated the effectiveness of an 18-month multicomponent neuropsychological program (NEUROSTUDEM) in strengthening mathematical skills in Ecuadorian children with dyscalculia. A quasi-experimental design was implemented with 180 participants (6-12 years) randomly assigned to experimental (n=90) and control (n=90) groups. The program integrated ten sequential components focused on strengthening specific neurocognitive circuits that support mathematical processing. Four mathematical domains (number sense, basic calculation, problem solving, and mathematical reasoning) and executive functions were assessed through pre-intervention, intermediate, and post-intervention measurements. Results revealed significant effects in all evaluated components, with large effect sizes (η² between .13 and .37), particularly in problem solving and number sense. Significant correlations were identified between improvements in executive functions and mathematical performance (r between .318 and .569), with visuospatial working memory explaining 42.3% of improvements in mathematical reasoning. Analyses showed differential response patterns according to age, revealing specific windows of opportunity for different mathematical components, with older children benefiting more in abstract reasoning. These findings support personalized neuropsychological interventions adapted to specific neurocognitive profiles in Latin American educational contexts.