Afectación Emocional del Tutor del Paciente Pediátrico durante la Estancia Hospitalaria, Perspectiva de Enfermería. Una Revisión Sistemática

Introduction: The disease in a child generates conflict of the family environment, during the hospital stay, directly affecting the parents, influencing the psychological well-being and family dynamics experiencing emotions such as sadness, fear, anger, helplessness in an unexpected way, also the loss of autonomy in the care and education of the children. Objective: to analyze the levels of emotional affectation of the pediatric patient's tutor, during the hospital stay. Materials and methods: a systematic review of the literature with a narrative approach was developed, by searching for data information in: Dialnet, Google academic, Scielo in Spanish, English and Portuguese, using the PRISMA declaration for systematic reviews. Results: the analysis of the 14 reviewed articles, allowed to find that most are of phenomenological approach and transversal cut, developed in Latin America 10 articles and in Europe 4 articles; identifying 3 main aspects: the emotional factors of the tutor, the physical factors generated in the tutor according to the physical environment and the knowledge of the tutor about the current situation of the pediatric patient. Conclusions: the emotional affectation of the patient's guardian during the hospital stay, causes stress and anxiety due to events that abruptly change the life and family dynamics, mostly experienced by the woman fulfilling her maternal role; in addition, ignorance generates insecurity and helplessness for not participating in decision-making.