Pesticidas altamente peligrosos que generan cáncer de piel (Cantón Montalvo provincia de los Ríos-Ecuador)

This article addresses the inadequate exposure to organochlorine pesticides in agriculture, focusing on the canton of Montalvo. The main objective was to evaluate the effect of organochlorine pesticides on the skin health of agricultural workers and their environment. This observational study is descriptive and does not assess past events but analyzes current knowledge regarding the link between pesticide exposure and skin cancer among farmers. A sample of 120 workers was selected to collect data on pesticide exposure, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and presence of skin lesions. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v25.0, including frequencies, percentages, and the chi-square test. Results showed that 56% of participants used organochlorine insecticides, mainly in rice crops (50%). Only 16% consistently used PPE, while 42% never used it. Furthermore, 30% had severe skin lesions, and 25% reported intoxication symptoms such as dizziness or vomiting. The chi-square test demonstrated a statistically significant association between exposure and skin cancer. The discussion highlights the lack of regulation, education, and health monitoring, worsening the vulnerable rural situation. Not only workers but also their families may be exposed to pesticides. The study confirms a significant connection between organochlorine pesticide exposure and severe skin conditions. It is recommended to strengthen occupational health policies, enforce mandatory PPE use, and implement continuous training programs and medical surveillance to protect this at-risk population. (Agudo-Mena, 2022)