Climate-Resilient Tree Species Selection in Semi-Arid Cities: Strategic Green Infrastructure Planning Under Changing Climate Conditions

<p><em>Cities located in semi-arid climate zones are becoming increasingly vulnerable to climate change due to rising heat waves, decreasing rainfall patterns, and pressures on water resources. This study aims to develop a multi-criteria species selection model that can be used as a strategic tool in climate-resilient green infrastructure planning in response to these fragile structures. Based on a literature review and current spatial modeling approaches, this framework identifies four key criteria: climate resilience, ecosystem service production capacity, microclimate compatibility, and aesthetic-structural suitability. Decision support systems (DSS), climate projections (RCP scenarios), species distribution modeling (SDM), and analyses based on local thresholds have been used to propose suitable species portfolios. Research findings indicate that traditional, aesthetic, or low-cost-focused species selection practices may be inadequate in the face of climate scenarios. The proposed model provides a comprehensive decision-making framework for developing sustainable, resilient, and multifunctional urban landscapes at both environmental and societal scales.</em></p>