The Effect of Size and Charge of Lipid Nanoparticles Prepared by Microfluidic Mixing by Their Lymph Node Transitivity and Distribution

Lymph node is a small bean shaped structure that is part of the body’s immune system. Lymph nodes filter substances that travel through the lymphatic fluid and they contain lymphocytes that help the body fight infection and disease. Lymph node is a critical component inducing immune responses against pathogens and cancer. The size and charge of the delivery system largely affect the transitivity and distribution with lymph nodes. Although PH sensitive lipid nanoparticles prepared by microfluidic mixing are the latest delivery system to be applied clinically, the effects of their size and charge on transitivity and distribution. LNs targeting LNPs as a significant approach to elicit immune responses fortify defence against pathogen invasion and treat certain diseases. LNPs for targeted nucleic acid delivery have thus offered a versatile technological foundation for vaccine and immunotherapy development. Lipid nanoparticles have emerged as a highly effective delivery system for nucleic acid-based therapeutics. However, the broad clinical transition of lipid nanoparticles-based drugs is hampered by the lack of robust and scalable synthesis techniques that can consistently produce formulation from only development to clinical application. Neutral or negatively charged particles (also small sized particles) are efficiently absorbed via lymphatic vessels and are transported to lymph nodes while positively changed nanoparticles are largely limited to direct lymphatic transport and are taken up by DCs at the injection site. A 30 nm sized lipid nanoparticle (30-LNPs) was efficiently translocated to lymph nodes and was taken up by CD8+ dendritic cells while the efficiency was drastically decreased in the cases of 100 and 200 nm sized lipid nanoparticles.