Implementation of Pico Hydro Turbine System Integrated with IoT Technology in Oman's Falaj Channels

This research work explores the integration of a Pico Hydro Turbine (PHT) system with Internet ofThings (IoT) technology within Oman's traditional Falaj irrigation channels to promote sustainable energysolutions. The system employs a 500 W / 24 V AC generator to convert the kinetic energy of flowing water intoelectricity. The generated AC voltage generation (10–15) V is measured using an Arduino R4 Wi-Fi with an ACvoltage sensor and regulated into (10–12) V DC. Real-time data is transmitted to ThingSpeak for remotemonitoring and visualization. The project covers essential components such as system design, sensor calibration,data acquisition, and safe IoT integration, particularly in fluctuating water flow conditions. By enabling efficientenergy monitoring, the solution demonstrates the feasibility of small-scale hydroelectric systems in regions withlimited water resources. The results underscore the system’s reliability, cost-effectiveness, and environmentalbenefits, offering a scalable model for sustainable energy generation in rural and semi-urban communities globally.