Application of tTIS in modulating Frontal Midline Theta EEG Oscillations

Transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) is a relatively recent non-invasive technique for targeted brain stimulation. Research indicates that the method has the potential for replacing the invasive method known as deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been successfully used to mitigate both motoric and affective symptoms of neurological disorders (Benabid et al., 2009; Mayberg et al., 2005). Research conducted to date in the field of electroencephalography (EEG) has indicated that frontal-middle theta (fmθ) oscillations may play a role in the processes of interference resolution and inhibitory control (Messel et al., 2021; Cohen & Donner, 2013). However, this has only been inferred from stronger oscillations found in the analysis of high interference/nogo trials compared to low interference/go trials. Consequently, the causal relationship between fmθ oscillations and the resolution of interference or inhibitory control remains to be elucidated. In a preliminary investigative study, a modified go-nogo task was devised and evaluated in order to ascertain the midline frontal topography of the theta oscillations in electroencephalography (EEG) analysis outcomes. The present study will utilise the same task as previously described, in conjunction with tTIS, in addition to EEG recordings prior to, during and following tTIS with theta envelope frequency or sham stimulation. The objective of this approach is to investigate the causal relationship between fmθ and inhibitory control.