A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF REALIA IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES

This article presents a comparative analysis of realia—culture-specific elements—in the English and Uzbek languages. Realia, which include items such as traditional foods, clothing, holidays, and social institutions, represent the unique cultural identity of each linguistic community. By examining various types of realia—geographical, ethnographic, social-political, and everyday-life related—the article highlights how language reflects cultural values and historical context. The study also discusses the difficulties that arise in translating realia between English and Uzbek, such as the absence of direct equivalents and the risk of cultural misinterpretation. Various translation strategies, including transliteration, explanation, and cultural substitution, are analyzed. The article concludes that understanding and properly conveying realia is essential for accurate translation, effective cross-cultural communication, and deeper intercultural understanding.