Evaluation of root canal configuration of permanent mandibular first molar in a Northwestern Maharashtra subpopulation by using CBCT: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study

ABSTRACT: Objective: To assess number of roots and anatomy of root canal of permanent mandibular first molars in Northwestern Maharashtra. Study design: 200 CBCT images of patients with permanent mandibular first molars were assessed for canal morphology using Vertucci's classification, including number of roots and canal's anatomy, involving the number and type. The Chi square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The findings revealed that 86% had two roots, while 14% exhibited three roots, with the third root located distolingually. The distribution of canal numbers showed that two canals were present in 1.5%, three canals in 55.5% and four canals in 43%. In mesial roots, Type IV canal was most common at (55%), then Type II (40%), Type VIII (3%), Type I (2%). For distal roots, Type I was most prevalent at (52%), then Type II at (33%), Type V (8%), Type IV (5%), Type III (2%). Notably, all additional roots displayed Type I canal configuration. Conclusion: Three canals were typical of two-roots mandibular first molars, with Type I canal in distal roots and Type IV canals in mesial roots. The extra root had Type I configuration. Keywords: mandibular first molar, Northwestern Maharashtra’s population, Vertucci’s classification