Evaluating carbon emissions and pathways to decarbonization - methodology for a greenfield open pit metallurgical coal mine

Environmental protection and emissions mitigation are integral to sustainable industrial practices. Metallurgical coal mining is pivotal in the transition to decarbonized technologies while simultaneously being a major source of carbon emissions, driven by fugitive methane release and fossil fuel dependency. For continued prosperity and support of environmentally friendly technologies, the industry must address and mitigate the emissions associated with production. This study offers a comprehensive approach to estimating carbon emissions for metallurgical coal projects, focusing on both fugitive methane and fossil fuel combustion sources. The methodologies presented for estimating these emissions quantify and synthesize their environmental impact. Pathways for decarbonizing energy consumption are also explored, with the effectiveness of various decarbonization strategies evaluated. Evaluations consider various degrees of fleet electrification across the life of a metallurgical coal mine, as well as potential benefits of employing a trolley assist haulage solution in a single year of production. The findings of this research reveal that effective emission quantification and reduction strategies rely on addressing both fugitive methane and operational emissions. While a significant potential for emissions reduction through decarbonization strategies was identified, the necessity of addressing both sources of emissions is clear. By providing a detailed analysis of emissions sources and quantities, this work highlights key opportunities for reducing carbon emissions and enhancing environmental performance, guiding targeted mitigation strategies.