Research on aerodynamic optimization of shape parameters of long-distance buses

To address the high aerodynamic drag of long-distance buses at elevated speeds, this study proposes a numerical simulation-based optimization framework. The SHERPA algorithm in STAR-CCM+ was employed to automate the multi-parameter co-optimization of six key geometric variables: front/rear/side edge chamfer radii, front windshield angle, front spoiler angle, and rear windshield angle. A constrained multi-objective optimization strategy was developed to balance aerodynamic performance and engineering constraints, achieving a 37.1% drag reduction (CD: 0.499 → 0.314). Localized refinement with front wheel deflectors further reduced CD to 0.303, demonstrating a cumulative drag reduction of 39.3%. The findings provide validated methodologies for the energy-efficient design of commercial vehicles.