COUNTRIES OF THE GLOBAL SOUTH IN THE ARCTIC AND THEIR ECONOMIC INTERESTS

The article analyzes the forms and directions of economic engagement of Global South countries in the development of the Arctic region. In the context of growing competition for resources and transport routes, as well as the transformation of the global economic order, non-Arctic states are increasingly viewing the Arctic as part of their external economic strategies. Particular attention is given to countries such as China, India, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Brazil, which demonstrate interest in Arctic energy, logistics, scientific research, and climate-related initiatives. The study examines both institutional and project-based modes of involvement, including infrastructure investment, scientific expeditions, and participation in the Arctic Council. It is shown that the Global South’s presence in the Arctic is highly diverse and depends on international legal frameworks, sanctions regimes, and the broader political landscape. Special attention is given to the challenges of legitimacy, the constraints of observer status, and the distrust on the part of Arctic states. The article concludes that a new multipolar model of international engagement in the Arctic is emerging — one in which Global South countries play an increasingly visible role. While they do not seek political dominance, they are steadily expanding their economic and scientific presence in the region.