Reconfigurable backstepping control of an interleaved boost converter in photovoltaic systems

Renewable energy sources need to be reliable to continuously deliver electrical energy, even in the event of faults. In this context, we propose a reconfigurable fault-tolerant control method using backstepping nonlinear control. This system integrates a solar panel with a three-phase interleaved boost converter, focusing on maintaining operation during phase failures. Our control strategy addresses open-circuit converter faults detected by a Luenberger state observer. A binary residual evaluation identifies the faulty converter stage, prompting a phase shift in PWM control signals to mitigate the faulty phase's effect. This reconfiguration, coupled with an adjustment in switching frequency, reduces ripple levels and component stress. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink show system recovery within 20 ms, maintaining performance and ripple levels akin to the original structure. The proposed approach efficiently handles faults, ensuring stable operation and swift system recovery.