Nutritional, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Potential of Wild Edible Spondias lakonensis Pierre Fruits

Spondias lakonensis Pierre is a wild edible fruit used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases. In this study, the nutritional quality and biological activity of S. lakonensis fruits were investigated. The results of the nutritional components analyses were recorded for the vitamin C content (142.80 ± 0.74 mg/100 g) in the pulp, and total ash (2.88 ± 0.07% and 7.25 ± 0.19%), crude lipid (5.80 ± 0.21% and 11.54 ± 0.20%), and total protein (6.70 ± 0.77% and 12.74 ± 1.89%) in the pulp and seeds, respectively. At the suitable conditions for extracting polyphenol compounds (70% acetone at 30°C for 10min with a material/solvent ratio of 1/20 g mL-1), the value of the total polyphenol content (TPC) was 12.32 ± 0.07mg GAE g-1 in the pulp and 24.63 ± 0.07 mg GAE g-1 in the seeds. The results of the DPPH tests indicated that the acetone extracts were good sources of antioxidants with IC50 values of 10.44 ± 0.62 μg mL-1 (pulp) and 29.20 ± 1.76 μg mL-1 (seeds). The extracts also demonstrated strong a-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 0.77 ± 0.02 mg mL-1 in the pulp and 10.24 ± 0.15 mg mL-1 in the seeds. S. lakonensis fruits possess promising nutritional and pharmaceutical potential.