Analysis of Variance of Regional Happiness Index in Indonesia Across Three Measurement Periods

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to evaluate differences in the Happiness Index across Indonesian regions over three measurement periods: 2014, 2017, and 2021. Data were obtained from official publications of the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), with varying dimension constructs in each period: the 2014 survey measured only the Life Satisfaction dimension, whereas the 2017 and 2021 surveys included Life Satisfaction, Affect (Feelings), and Eudaimonia (Meaning of Life). Assumptions of normality and homogeneity were tested prior to conducting a one-way ANOVA. The results indicated a statistically significant difference between 2014 and 2017, while the change between 2017 and 2021 was not statistically significant. These findings provide a quantitative overview of the development of quality of life in Indonesia and highlight the role of inferential statistical methods in social research.