Aplicación del Proceso de Absorción Gaseosa para el Lavado de Gases Contaminantes en Minas

The study analyzes the gas absorption process as an alternative for treating polluting gases originating in mining operations, focusing on the reduction of harmful substances such as SO₂, NOₓ, and CO. Using a qualitative approach and a cross-sectional experimental design, the effectiveness of the process was analyzed in real mining environments, taking into account factors such as the concentration and nature of the liquid absorbent, gas flow, and operating conditions. The research included both a review of specialized literature and the study of data obtained from mining facilities that have adopted gas absorption towers. The findings indicate that these towers, especially when operating in countercurrent mode and with absorbent recirculation, allow for a significant reduction in the pollutants present in the treated gases. For example, at a coal processing plant in China, the implementation of this system reduced the total dust concentration to less than 8.1 mg/m³ and respirable dust to less than 5.9 mg/m³. The importance of optimizing the design and adjusting the technology to the particularities of each mine in order to achieve maximum efficiency is highlighted.