Impacto de los Costos en la Competitividad Porcícola en Tejupilco y Luvianos, Estado de México, en el Periodo 2018-2023

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of rising production costs on the competitiveness of pig farming in Tejupilco and Luvianos, Mexico, during the period 2018-2023. Data were collected from eight backyard farms and one technified farm in Tejupilco, as well as from six backyard farms in Luvianos, through surveys focused on technical and economic variables. The Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) was used for the analysis. The results showed that the technified farm was better able to adapt to fluctuations in input prices, thanks to its operational efficiency, investments in infrastructure, and trained personnel, which allowed it to maintain stable profitability and remain competitive in the market. In contrast, the backyard farms, while showing some ability to adapt due to their reliance on family labor and lower initial investments, were more vulnerable to rising input costs, which reduced their profitability. The study concludes that to improve the competitiveness of farms, especially backyard ones, it is essential to promote public policies that support technical training, the adoption of appropriate technologies, and access to financing, in order to strengthen infrastructure and optimize production processes.