Prevalencia de Hematuria en Pacientes Pediátricos en una Unidad Pediátrica

Introduction: Hematuria is defined as the presence of erythrocytes in the urine and can be classified as either macroscopic or microscopic. The primary classification for the evaluation of hematuria is into glomerular and non-glomerular etiologies. The estimated incidence of macroscopic hematuria is 1.3 per 1,000 children, while the prevalence of microscopic hematuria ranges between 0.15% and 2%. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted on pediatric patients (0 days to 17 years, 11 months, and 29 days) with a confirmed diagnosis of macroscopic or microscopic hematuria. The objective was to determine the prevalence of hematuria at Hospital para el Niño Poblano over a five-year period. Results: The overall prevalence of hematuria was 7.8 per 1,000 patients seen in the Emergency, Nephrology, and Urology departments. The classification of hematuria revealed a higher prevalence of non-glomerular hematuria, with an incidence of 1.8 cases per 1,000 patients. The highest prevalence was observed in the years 2013 and 2015. Conclusion: The findings of this study are consistent with previously published literature. Although the different types of hematuria can manifest according to the underlying pathological condition, identifying the most common etiologies in the pediatric population is essential for an accurate diagnostic approach and effective management of this prevalent condition.