Criminalística: Pilar Fundamental en el Proceso Penal

Forensic science is a fundamental scientific discipline in the administration of contemporary justice, providing rigorous methodologies for the analysis of physical evidence in the context of criminal proceedings. This study examines the crucial role that forensic science plays as a technical and scientific support in criminal investigation and its impact on the effectiveness of the judicial system. Through documentary analysis and a review of specialized literature, the main contributions of forensic science to the clarification of criminal acts and their contribution to the construction of procedural truth were evaluated. The results show that the application of forensic techniques significantly increases objectivity in criminal investigations, reduces the margins of judicial error, and strengthens procedural guarantees for both victims and defendants. It is concluded that forensic science represents an irreplaceable pillar of modern criminal proceedings, whose correct implementation is essential for the consolidation of an efficient and reliable justice system.