Ciudadanías indígenas y pluralismo jurídico en América Latina Inscripciones constitucionales y reivindicaciones ético-políticas de los movimientos originarios

This article analyzes the constitutional recognition of indigenous peoples in Latin America as an expression of a shift toward legal pluralism and the reconfiguration of citizenship. Through a comparative study of Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, and Mexico's constitutional frameworks, the article examines how indigenous movements have inscribed their historical demands into legal language, thereby transforming traditional nation-state structures. The article discusses how these constitutional provisions not only recognize collective, territorial, and cultural rights but also challenge the traditional concept of citizenship by incorporating ethical and political aspects associated with self-determination, interculturality, and epistemic justice. Taking a socio-legal and political-critical approach, the article reflects on the tensions between formal recognition and state practices and the transformative capacity of indigenous movements in the processes of deep democratization and decolonization of law in Latin America.