Coombs Indirecto en Gestantes Rh Negativo

Rh blood incompatibility between RhD negative pregnant women is a risk factor for the development of perinatal hemolytic disease, being the indirect Coombs test a key tool for the detection of maternal antibodies, however, its interpretation is complicated after the administration of anti-D immunoglobulin, due to the passive positivity that this can generate. The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of the indirect Coombs' test in Rh-negative pregnant women. A qualitative methodology was used, with a descriptive-exploratory approach and bibliographic design, applying documentary analysis of scientific literature published in the last five years in Spanish and English. Sources dealing with immunological, clinical and obstetric aspects of Rh isoimmunization were examined. The results showed that induced positivity is transient, low titer and without clinical risk, but difficult to distinguish from active sensitization if the clinical context is not considered. Differential criteria and effective obstetric protocols for its management were identified. It is concluded that contextualized serological follow-up, accompanied by standardized protocols, improves decision making and prevents fetal complications.