Študija izgub v navitjih transformatorja z uporabo metode končnih elementov

The paper presents a study of the transformer winding losses caused by eddy and circulating currents using the finite element method. The losses are evaluated using different transformer simulation models and by including the phase interaction effect. The increase in the winding losses is also evaluated when the transformer is exposed to geomagnetically induced currents. A new calculation method using a 2D axisymmetric geometry is proposed. In comparison with a 3D simulation model based on detailed manufacturing data for 14 power transformers, the proposed procedure demonstrates an acceptable level of accuracy, achieved within a short computational time. Consequently, this method can be used as a valuable design tool for optimising the transformer geometry.