Understanding Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR): A Threat to Cattle Health and Productivity

<p>In the world of cattle farming, few diseases are as concerning as Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis, commonly known as IBR or 'red nose.' This highly contagious viral disease can wreak havoc on herds, leading to respiratory distress, reproductive failures, and significant economic losses (Tikoo et al., 1995; Biswas et al., 2013). Understanding IBR is crucial for farmers and ranchers to protect their livestock and maintain productivity. IBR is a key player in the Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (BRDC), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cattle, particularly in intensive farming systems (Griffin et al., 2010).</p>