System-Level Calibration of a Millimeter-Wave Vector Signal Analyzer With Uncertainties

We describe the system-level calibration of a vector signal analyzer (VSA) operating at 28 GHz, including the determination of uncertainties in the magnitude and phase of measurements of a traceably characterized calibration waveform. We then apply the IEEE 1765-2022 measurement comparison approach to evaluate the uncertainty in error vector magnitude (EVM) of the VSA using an equivalent-time sampling oscilloscope with traceable calibration as the reference receiver. An additional measurement of the modulated waveform is made for comparison using a large-signal network analyzer (LSNA) operating on an arbitrary frequency grid, with good agreement to the sampling oscilloscope and VSA in amplitude, phase, and EVM.