Advanced Programming Paradigms for Artificial Intelligence: Focus on Python and Julia.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is undergoing rapid transformation, driven by the adoption of advanced programming paradigms. This study focuses on two major languages: Python, widely used for its rich ecosystem and simplicity, and Julia, recognized for its high performance and unique multiple dispatch paradigm. The main objective of this work is to analyze the impact of advanced programming paradigms offered by these two languages on the development, performance, and innovation in AI. The methodology is based exclusively on qualitative documentary analysis: scientific articles, technical reports, specialized books, and official documentation were reviewed to identify the contributions, limitations, and perspectives provided by Python and Julia in the field of AI. The results show that object-oriented and functional programming, which are prominent in Python, facilitate the structuring, modularity, and maintenance of AI models, while Julia’s multiple dispatch offers great flexibility and optimizes performance for computationally intensive applications. The literature confirms that Python dominates rapid prototyping and the software ecosystem, whereas Julia is gradually gaining ground in research and in fields that demand high computational efficiency. In conclusion, the choice between Python and Julia largely depends on project needs: accessibility, community support, and rapid development for Python; performance, innovation, and scalability for Julia. Their complementarity paves the way for new hybrid practices in AI.