Psychopathological Factors, Lifestyle, and Well-Being in Obese Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery

1.1. Background: Symptoms of depression and anxiety are frequently observed during the preoperative period of bariatric surgery and may be associated with patients' overall health status and well-being. 1.2. Objective: To investigate the association between psychopathological symptoms, lifestyle, and well-being in obese patients receiving care at a bariatric surgery outpatient clinic in a public teaching hospital. 1.3. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study. Mental health was assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS). Health status indicators included Physical Activity Level (PAL), sedentary time, and body composition. Well-being was evaluated through a composite scale measuring sleep quality, distress, fatigue, and muscle pain. Associations were analyzed using linear and multinomial regression models (both crude and adjusted), with a significance level of α = 0.05. 1.4. Results: A total of 186 patients participated in the study, of whom 170 (91.4%) were women, with a mean age of 45.56 ± 12.40 years. In the adjusted models, insufficient PAL (<150 minutes/week) was significantly associated with increased odds of depressive symptoms (OR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.22–8.18), anxiety (OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.22–7.24), and stress (OR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.11–7.41). High or very high distress levels were also significantly associated with anxiety (p = 0.021) and stress symptoms (p = 0.002). Furthermore, Two-Step Cluster analysis revealed that patients with lower well-being scores had significantly higher odds of being classified with severe or very severe mental health symptoms (p ≤ 0.01). 1.5. Conclusion: In this sample of patients from a public teaching hospital, poorer mental health—characterized by symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress—was associated with insufficient physical activity and reduced well-being.