Políticas públicas y el fenómeno migratorio, caso: comunidad Yanayacu

The aim of this study was to determine whether public policies affect the migratory phenomenon in the Yanayacu community. A cross-sectional, non-experimental design was used, surveying 205 residents through a structured questionnaire covering economic inequality, unemployment, access to education, and remittance dependency. Chi-square tests and correlation coefficients suitable for dichotomous data were applied to analyze potential associations among variables. The findings revealed that the perceived effectiveness of employment policies was significantly linked to long-term unemployment and the gender gap in the labor market, which influenced the decision to migrate. Likewise, a high reliance on remittances was observed, highlighting the need for more targeted public policies aimed at generating local productive opportunities. On the other hand, no clear associations were found regarding the perception of economic inequality and the existence of effective policies to reduce it. In conclusion, certain structural shortcomings in the labor field and the dependence on remittances are related to migration, underscoring the importance of designing more comprehensive governmental interventions that encourage people to remain in their own community.