Efectos del entrenamiento con resistencia variable sobre la funcionalidad en personas con trastornos musculoesqueléticos: una revisión sistemática

Introduction and objective: Variable resistance training (VRT) is a training methodology com-monly used to enhance muscle strength, but its effects on functionality in individuals with mus-culoskeletal disorders have been poorly investigated. This systematic review aims to evaluate theeffects of VRT on the functionality of these individuals. Methodology: A search was conducted in four databases (EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science, Pub-Med), yielding 694 studies, of which 7 were selected for analysis. The studies included patients with various musculoskeletal dysfunctions, such as low back pain, osteoarthritis, and knee prosthesis. Results: The results show that VRT significantly improved strength in three studies, pain in four, and overall functionality in all the evaluated studies. Additionally, improvements were observed in balance and gait speed. Despite the promising results, the heterogeneity of the pro-tocols and differences in the evaluations limit the generalization of the findings. Conclusions: It is concluded that VRT can be an effective intervention to improve functionality in individuals with musculoskeletal disorders, butadditional studies are needed to confirm its efficacy in dif-ferent contexts.