Importancia de la Oncofertilidad como Deuda Estructural en la Medicina Reproductiva Peruana: Análisis Clínico-Comparativo Internacional

This article analyzes the importance and current state of oncofertility based on a review of studies published between 2019 and 2025 across different regions of the world, with particular focus on low- and middle-income countries. A total of 23 studies were categorized according to five key dimensions: access to fertility preservation, level of knowledge and counseling received, reproductive attitudes and decisions, clinical practices and institutional barriers, and the clinical and emotional impact of cancer-related infertility. The findings reveal that, despite progress in public programs in countries such as France and Hong Kong, significant inequities in access to fertility preservation persist—particularly in Latin America and Africa. Additionally, knowledge gaps were identified among both professionals and patients, alongside ambivalent attitudes toward reproductive decision-making. Institutional barriers, lack of specialized training in oncofertility, and the absence of structured clinical guidelines continue to hinder the integration of this component into oncology services. This review highlights the importance of the evidence gathered to inform future hospital policies, medical training programs, and research agendas focused on underrepresented populations.