Особливості технології наземного лазерного 3D-сканування для аналізу стану дорожнього покриву

Abstract. Problem. Traditional methods of road condition monitoring have limitations in terms of data accuracy and completeness, particularly in the detection of surface defects. There is a need for methods that provide accurate, rapid data collection to support effective maintenance and repair planning. Goal. The goal of this study is to develop and optimise a methodology for terrestrial 3D laser scanning and to provide practical recommendations for its application in road surface monitoring. Methodology. The proposed methodology examines the effectiveness of terrestrial laser scanning on road segments, addressing parameters such as optimal station count, placement and scanning mode to ensure accurate and comprehensive data collection. The Trimble TX6 scanner is used as an example, with specifications including a range of up to 120 metres, 2 mm accuracy and an adjustable scanning speed of up to 500,000 points per second. Results. The research identifies optimal setups for different road segments, covering short (~100–150 m) and long (up to 1000 m) sections, as well as complex road infrastructure such as multi-level interchanges. The results demonstrate the ability of the 3D scanning method to detect various linear and areal pavement defects. Originality. This study advances the field by developing specific recommendations for station positioning and scanning protocols, addressing blind spots, and ensuring data integrity for 3D modelling. Practical value. The application of this technology supports detailed analysis of pavement condition, significantly increasing the efficiency of data processing and improving repair planning and material estimation. The results are beneficial for transport infrastructure management, enabling more reliable monitoring and maintenance practices