Енергетична безпека як чинник національної стійкості: європейський та міжнародний правовий контекст

The article explores the legal framework for ensuring Ukraine’s energy security within the context of international cooperation and European integration, which has become particularly relevant amid the full-scale armed aggression by the Russian Federation. The author examines current threats to energy security, including deliberate attacks on critical infrastructure that exhibit signs of violations of international humanitarian law, and emphasises the resilience of Ukraine’s energy system under wartime conditions. Special attention is paid to strategic policy documents, notably the Energy Strategy of Ukraine until 2050 and the National Energy and Climate Plan until 2030, which envisage the development of renewable energy sources, decentralisation of the energy sector, and the achievement of climate neutrality. The study highlights the importance of harmonising national legislation with the EU acquis, implementing the requirements of the Third Energy Package, the Paris Climate Agreement, and Ukraine’s engagement in the European Green Deal. The paper analyses the role of international institutions, such as the European Union, the Energy Community, IRENA, and the United Nations, in providing technical, financial, and institutional assistance. Particular emphasis is placed on the operation of the Energy Support Fund for Ukraine, the development of the Ukraine Green Recovery Fund initiative, and the integration of Ukraine’s energy system into ENTSO-E. The author underscores that energy security constitutes an integral component of national security, a fundamental element of post-war recovery, and a critical dimension of Ukraine’s European integration. Legal support for energy security is conceptualized as a multi-layered framework that incorporates international law, EU legal standards, financial support mechanisms, and security policy instruments. This comprehensive approach requires systemic legal transformation and adaptive capacities to respond to evolving geopolitical challenges.