ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО АНАЛІЗУ РИЗИКІВ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИХ ПРОЄКТІВ

The article defines the essence of investment risk, analyzes approaches to risk classification and generalizes it. The formation and evolution of a market economy pose a dual task to business entities: on the one hand, increasing their competitiveness, and on the other, ensuring the stability of functioning in conditions of constant transformation of the economic environment. The progress of both society as a whole and individual economic agents is based on the processes of expanded reproduction of material goods, which is a source of increasing national wealth and corresponding income growth. One of the key tools for ensuring this development is investment activity, which includes the process of decision-making under risk conditions. The purpose of the study is to study theoretical and methodological approaches to defining the concept of risk, classifying risks and ways to reduce them. Theoretical and methodological approaches to risk analysis and ways to reduce them are studied. In the financial activities of an enterprise, the principle of risk balance is important, according to which risky investments should be financed from its own sources. The profit must include compensation for the investment risk (the part of the profit associated with the risk), that is, a kind of insurance premium to cover possible losses. Competitive risk must be within acceptable values ​​and be manageable. The problem of the risk-return ratio is one of the key ones in the investment activities of business entities. Investment risk insurance ensures the implementation of an investment project at all stages of its implementation. The share of investment risk insurance in the domestic insurance market is insignificant and is about 1%. Risk assessment must be predictable in a risky business environment. In world practice, the degree of risk of invested capital is defined as a subjective quantitative assessment of the expected values ​​of maximum and minimum income or losses.