Організаційно-правові основи застосування безпілотних авіаційних комплексів Державною прикордонною службою України у службово-бойовій діяльності

The article is devoted to the formulation of the problem of understanding the organizational and legal grounds for the use of unmanned aerial complexes by personnel of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine when performing combat missions during the defense, repulsion and deterrence of Russian armed aggression against Ukraine. Attention is focused on the fact that the use of unmanned aerial complexes during military operations significantly increases the combat capability of units and contributes to the conservation of both material and human resources. It is noted that the use of unmanned aerial complexes by border guards in combat missions is implemented within the framework of the duties defined in Article 19 of the Law of Ukraine «On the State Border Service of Ukraine.» The implementation of these duties is carried out through a specific form of service activity, not typical for peacetime, – service-combat activity, which is not currently regulated. Therefore, in the context of the involvement of border units in combat operations and the actual combat duties themselves, defined in Article 19 of the Law of Ukraine “On the State Border Service of Ukraine”, it is proposed to put the term “service and combat activities” into regulatory and legal circulation. It is noted that the organization of the use of unmanned aerial complexes of the State Border Service of Ukraine in service and combat activities is carried out in accordance with both general regulatory and legal acts for state aviation and departmental ones. The results of the study identified organizational and legal issues that, in our opinion, require resolution: introducing the term “service and combat activities of the State Border Service of Ukraine” into regulatory and legal circulation; the need to standardize approaches to arming unmanned aerial complexes of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine; the need for regulatory clarification of the type of unmanned aerial complexes that can be used as a special means, in accordance with Article 21-2 of the Law of Ukraine «On the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine»; the need to create unified organizational approaches to training operators of unmanned aerial complexes in the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, taking into account the combat experience of the Defense Forces of Ukraine.