Вплив зовнішніх факторів на особистість злочинця

The article provides a brief overview of various factors that influence human behavior and can lead to the commission of a crime. The author proceeds from the fact that the structure of a criminal’s personality includes both general (socio-demographic, psychological, etc.) characteristics and specific ones that are characteristic only of criminals (the presence and nature of criminal records, the ability and skills to commit crimes and avoid responsibility for them, the position on the hierarchical ladder of the criminal world, etc.). The personality is the bearer of certain properties, characteristics, knowledge of which is necessary both for the prevention of crimes and the disclosure and investigation of crimes that have already been committed. The personality is influenced by both internal and external factors. Attention is focused on external factors, namely the influence of the family and the immediate environment, its culture, education and upbringing, material conditions and circumstances of life, social inequality, corruption, which leads to injustice and humiliation of a person, violation of his rights. The personality is extremely negatively affected by wars, which lead to destruction, deterioration of living conditions and force a person to look for ways to survive. During war, the physical impact on a person is always combined with the mental one, which accelerates the revaluation of values and forces a person to resort to actions that a person would not commit under other circumstances. The formation of a criminal personality is facilitated by the ineffectiveness of the law, the lack of proper law enforcement. Another negative factor is distrust of law enforcement agencies. The author concludes that the category of “personality” is decisive in characterizing many types of behavior, one of which is criminal behavior. The latter assumes that a person has a stable antisocial attitude towards illegal behavior. Therefore, in order to understand what makes a person a criminal, it is necessary to determine the features of his personality. Any crime is the result of the interaction of the personality and the external environment. Criminals who view their behavior as a reaction to external influences take a defensive stance, presenting the crime as a necessary and inevitable act, as a strategy to protect their rights and legitimate interests, or even survival.